In order to promote public education and public safety, equal justice for all, a better informed citizenry, the rule of law, world trade and world peace, this legal document is hereby made available on a noncommercial basis, as it is the right of all humans to. Pdf detonation performance of aluminumammonium nitrate. It is a white crystalline solid and is highly soluble in water. Explosions of ammonium nitrate fertilizer in storage or transportation are preventable accidents. A numerical way to investigate nitrate storage and lag time in the unsaturated zone article pdf available in environmental geochemistry and health 355 june 20 with. Supreme courts broad interpretation of the commerce clause, there is a strong likelihood that regulations controlling the distribution and sale of packaged ammonium nitrate or other common explosive chemicals would. New ammonium nitrate, bombmaking manuals distributed online. Research has shown it can take decades for leached nitrate from the soil to discharge into groundwater and surface water due to the store of nitrate and its potentially long travel time in the unsaturated and saturated zones. Ammonium nitrate is often the nitrogen n source for npk compound fertilizers when it is combined with phosphorus p and potassium k.
May 02, 2011 the 5 calibers to claim the most powerful handgun in the world title reupload duration. Ammonium nitrate s advantage over urea is that it is more stable and does not rapidly lose nitrogen to the atmosphere. Ammonium nitrate rules 2012 notified pdf download citehr. Explosives that use ammonium nitrate and a fuel are mostly referred to as anfo explosives, you might find more detailled information by using that term most explosives used in military especially bombs are based on tnt, mostly in the form of tritonal, a mixture of tnt and aluminium powder. Recommended best practice for the analysis of total. Ammonium nitrate, cap sensitive, hydrazing water explosive us. Apr 02, 2016 remember to exercise caution throughout this process. Explosives and explosions revised free download as powerpoint presentation. Can has been described as a nondetonable alternative to pure ammonium nitrate. This game was developed by and can be played online at the authors website, but you cannot download it from there.
A cheap way to alter ammonium nitrate fertilizer renders it unusable in ieds. Introduction to explosives for official use only anal ammonium nitrate and aluminum powder. Ammonium nitrate is widely used as a fertilizer in the agricultural industry. Ammonium nitrate is an important fertilizer with the npk rating 3400 34% nitrogen. Calcium ammonium nitrate, can, has been made since the 1920s. The first fertilizergrade ammonium nitrate was a fairly large spherical particle that.
Buy products related to ammonium nitrate fertilizer products and see what customers say about ammonium nitrate fertilizer products on free delivery possible on eligible purchases. Guidance for compatibility of fertilizer blending materials pdf. Making plastic explosives from bleach by the jolly roger potassium chlorate is an extremely volatile explosive compound, and has been used in the past as the main explosive filler in grenades, land mines, and mortar rounds by such countries as france and germany. Explosives made of ammonium nitrate, a common form of nitrogen fertilizer, are widely used in industry and have largely replaced dynamite in the blasting of rock for mines and roadcuts, according. Analysis and trends can be used as a main charge but requires booster for detonation terrorists use al powder in main charges to increase heat output serves to prolong the high pressure of an explosion. Detonation properties of mixtures of ammonium nitrate based fertilizers and fuels 101 figure 1. New ammonium nitrate, bomb making manuals distributed online. Safety and security information for federal explosives licensees and permittees 5 industry outreach after the terrorist attacks upon the united states on september 11, 2001, atf initiated an ambitious outreach program to meet with every explosives industry member to. From the safety point of view explosive properties of an are a disadvantage. This page was last edited on 30 january 2019, at 18. Free download anarchy cookbook version 2000 instructables. A dirty bomb can be made from traditional dynamite, trinitrotoluene tnt, ammonium nitrate, or a variety of other explosive materials. The composition upon ignition gives off no sulfurous fumes, and leaves little or no carbon residue.
Afghan bomb makers shifting to new explosives for ieds. Anfo under most conditions is considered a high explosive. Remember to exercise caution throughout this process. Aug 30, 20 so you want to build an extremely lethal bomb. Ammonium nitrate is probably the worlds most widely used artificial fertilizer.
A crude car bomb discovered in new yorks times square this weekend was found to contain gasoline, propane and fertilizer, according to police. Recommended best practice for the analysis of total nitrogen. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Detonation performance of aluminumammonium nitrate explosives. A bomb is an explosive weapon that uses the exothermic reaction of an explosive material to provide an extremely sudden and violent release of energy. If you want to continue this discussion or have a follow up question, please post it on the network. Collecting bat guano from caves used to be the main way to obtain potassium. Responding to bomb threats, bombing incidents and suicide. Ammonium nitrate is not suitable for cutting or breaching charges because it has a low detonating velocity. I am attaching ammonium nitrate rules 2012 notified on 11. The 5 calibers to claim the most powerful handgun in the world title reupload duration. Normally, i recommend trial and error as a development methodology in a case like this, but heres a tip. We also recommend you download or enable the zoom application.
Free download anarchy cookbook version 2000 answered beware, this download can can you into trouble with law enforcement as well as injuring yourself, others and property. The terrorists handbook disclaimer we dont take responsibility for this text. Given the many types and sources of explosives and precursor chemicals 1 for use in constructing bombs, it seems impossible to prevent all illegal bombings by controlling bombers access 2 to these materials. The explosive properties of an are relatively low, but its mixtures with many fuels are typical. More realistic are controls that could make it more difficult for wouldbe bombers to carry out their crimes and could increase the probability of their being caughtan approach taken.
Introduction as a first step in the ifa method harmonization working groups process of identifying methods for recommendation as best practice, mapping was carried out of globallyapplied methods used to determine total nitrogen content in uan liquid fertilizer. Ammonium nitrate, cap sensitive, hydrazing water explosive. In order to promote public education and public safety, equal justice for all, a better informed citizenry, the rule of law, world trade and world peace, this legal document is hereby made available on a noncommercial basis, as it is the right of all humans to know and speak the laws that govern them. Potassium nitrate saltpeter is a useful chemical for science experiments, fertilizers, and gunpowder since its an ionic salt. Read chapter 5 limiting criminal access to explosives and precursor chemicals. It is predominantly used in agriculture as a highnitrogen fertilizer. Ammonium nitrate, cap sensitive, hydrazing water explosive us patent 3768410.
Hydrobuddy is a completely free and open source program for the calculation of nutrient solutions for hydroponics and general agriculture built by me daniel fernandez based on my experience in hydroponics as a professional chemist. Detonation properties of mixtures of ammonium nitrate. After you are finished putting the smoke bomb together, wash your hands with soap thoroughly and consider taking a shower to be safe if any gets on the rest of your skin. Us4997496a explosive and propellant composition and.
Bomb techs took a very small sample, placed it in a hole and. Download as ppt, pdf, txt or read online from scribd. Ammonium nitrate is the fertilizer compound that can be used in explosives, said john goodpaster, who researches explosives at indiana at. Prohibit smoking in ammonium nitrate storage areas. For this technique, youll need a cold pack, a piece of old newspaper containing numerous sheets or pages, and a bucket. Photos of the milled fertilizers magnification 100 times. Given the national scope of the ammonium nitrate market, the federal dimensions of terrorist bombing incidents, and the u. Aug 30, 2017 in this video were exploring how to grow crystals of potassium nitrate, right in the comfort of your kitchen. Admixing can be carried out in the dry state, at room temperature. A video demonstration of how to make smoke bombs out of newspapers and the ammonium nitrate in cold packs can be found here. Homemade explosives based in ammonium and urea nitrates core.
Global patterns of nitrate storage in the vadose zone. If you want to continue this discussion or have a follow up question, please post it. Bomb it is a free flash action game where you have to bomb everything. Free gibbs enthalpy and temperatures of combustion predictions. Implications for n management prepared for crop pest management school, 2006 by clain jones, extension. Smith, evan rogers, ming yu chemistry department, university of rhode island, kingston, ri 02881, usa. Detonations inflict damage principally through ground and atmospheretransmitted mechanical stress, the impact and penetration of pressuredriven projectiles, pressure damage, and explosiongenerated effects. There is a rising trend in nitrate concentrations in many uk groundwater bodies. Ppt ammonium nitrate powerpoint presentation free to. How to develop an extremely lethal bomb using ammonium. Anfo under most conditions is blasting capinsensitive, so it is classified as a blasting agent and not a high explosive. Since ammonium nitrate attracts moisture from air, it is produced with a coating that prevents moisture absorption and reduces caking to keep the particles free flowing during handling and field application. In a deep borehole, pressure in the bottom can alter an explosives density by causing microballoons to be crushed.
Ammonium nitrate is commonly used to make powerful bombs in. An explosive and propellant composition is obtained by admixing finely divided particles of ascorbic acid and a nitrate containing oxidation agent, such as potassium nitrate. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. In this video were exploring how to grow crystals of potassium nitrate, right in the comfort of your kitchen. However, because of its excellent cratering affects and low cost, ammonium nitrate is a component of most cratering and ditching charges. Desensitization cannot eliminate the threat posed by illegal bomb making and use, but it places a heavier burden on the terrorist, thus. If you followed the tutorial on how to make a smoke bomb. Ammonium nitrate s disappearance and record high n prices. Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound, the nitrate salt of the ammonium cation. It involves adding powdered calcium carbonate into the an at the hot liquor stage, in an amount of 20% currently to 40% prior to the 1980s. In many countries, its purchase and use are restricted to buyers who have obtained the proper license. In response to the rising concern of the american public over illegal bombi.
It consists of 94% porous prilled ammonium nitrate nh 4 no 3 an, which acts as the oxidizing agent and absorbent for the fuel, and 6% number 2 fuel oil fo. From the photos presented in figure 1 one may see that grains of the fertilizers after milling have irregular shapes and rough surfaces. How to make nitrocellulose or flash paper how to make. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Mar 04, 2009 new ammonium nitrate, bomb making manuals distributed online. It is less concentrated than urea 4600, giving ammonium nitrate a slight transportation disadvantage. How to make a smoke bomb with sugar and potassium nitrate the secret yumiverse wonderhowto. Detonation properties of mixtures of ammonium nitrate based. Make potassium nitrate potassium nitrate, survival. Explosions of ammonium nitrate fertilizer in storage or. New ammonium nitrate, bombmaking manuals distributed. Anfo or anfo, for ammonium nitrate fuel oil is a widely used bulk industrial explosive.
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